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(Click for frequent words.) 65 spatial variability 63 temporal variability 62 biogeochemical processes 61 crustal thickness 60 spectral bands 60 interannual variability 60 situ measurements 60 periodicities 60 geologies 59 biogeochemical 59 temporal scales 59 KBOs 59 morphologies 59 astrophysical objects 59 taxa 58 paleomagnetic 58 bathymetry 58 BIFs 58 altitudinal 57 gravitational redshift 57 biogeographical 57 ocean eddies 57 ocean basins 57 NDVI 57 basaltic rocks 57 forcings 57 volcanic aerosols 57 volcanic plumes 57 ecoregions 57 sedimentological 57 CO2 fluxes 57 Raman spectra 56 structural lineaments 56 spectroscopic techniques 56 faunas 56 tropospheric 56 geomorphological 56 millimeter wavelengths 56 aeromagnetics 56 dynamical processes 56 proteomes 56 polar latitudes 56 indel 56 Phanerozoic 56 perturbations 56 Sr Ca 56 phylogenetic relationships 55 filamentary structure 55 satellite altimetry 55 magma chambers 55 unicellular organisms 55 ultramafic intrusives 55 superposed 55 volcanic ridges 55 terrestrial biosphere 55 phylogenies 55 crustal rocks 55 depositional environment 55 geodynamic 55 seabed sediments 55 vesper bats 55 paleoclimatic 55 isotherm 55 Bulk density 55 SRTM 55 basalts 55 aerosol particles 55 magnetic substorms 55 isotopic compositions 55 yr -1 55 spectroscopic measurements 55 UV wavelengths 55 neutrino mass 55 electron diffusion 55 salinities 55 aerosol concentrations 55 sediment cores 55 biogeographic 55 microlensing events 54 ocean sediment cores 54 HARPS instrument 54 NEAs 54 Landsat imagery 54 geodetic measurements 54 interferograms 54 gamma ray observatories 54 aboard ESA Envisat 54 abundances 54 terrestrial ecosystems 54 GCMs 54 phytoplankton blooms 54 geoid 54 comet nuclei 54 δ 54 flood basalts 54 nucleotide substitutions 54 quartz feldspar porphyries 54 deep convective clouds 54 van der Waals interactions 54 planetary magnetospheres 54 spatially resolved 54 galactic clusters 54 microbial ecosystems 54 interglacial periods 54 benthos 54 isotopic signatures 54 advection 54 oligotrophic 54 QTLs 54 carbonaceous chondrites 54 sandstone intervals 54 phenotypic differences 54 spatial heterogeneity 54 subseafloor 54 phylogenetic trees 54 chlorophyll concentrations 54 terrestrial vertebrates 54 helicity 54 aquatic fauna 54 micrometre sized 54 cosmic ray flux 54 phylogenetic analyzes 54 cometary material 54 velocity dispersion 54 refugia 54 thermal gradients 54 lunar crust 54 Toba eruption 54 grabens 54 relative abundances 54 spatially explicit 53 hyperspectral imagery 53 phenotypic variation 53 infrared spectral 53 Mpc 53 sedimentary deposits 53 midlatitudes 53 cosmological parameters 53 remotely sensed 53 seafloor sediments 53 fig. S1 53 paleoenvironmental 53 HABs 53 amplitudes 53 planktonic 53 elevational 53 phylogenetically 53 multi decadal 53 InSAR 53 bathymetric 53 isotope ratios 53 coral habitats 53 C4 grasses 53 tropopause 53 Radiometric dating 53 Venusian atmosphere 53 genome rearrangements 53 isotopic ratios 53 SNe Ia 53 mesoscale 53 silicified zone 53 biogeochemical cycles 53 SAXS 53 magnetotactic bacteria 53 sulfur isotope 53 occultations 53 Tunguska asteroid 53 ellipsoids 53 Landsat satellite 53 Neogene 53 phytoplankton populations 53 subglacial 53 mineralized outcrops 53 spatiotemporal 53 prokaryotes 53 absorption spectra 53 Doppler measurements 53 impactors 53 climatic variations 53 midlatitude 53 diffraction patterns 53 atmospheric oceanic 53 infrared wavelength 53 fine grained sediment 53 phylogeny 53 intraplate 53 Anisotropy 53 ecologies 53 landforms 53 SST anomalies 53 fungal genomes 53 climatic variability 53 atmospheric CO2 levels 53 spatially referenced 53 magnetic susceptibility 53 predator prey dynamics 53 solvation 53 transcriptomes 53 coastal upwelling 53 chimp genomes 53 SeaWiFS 53 glaciations 53 seismograms 53 microns millionths 53 temperature gradients 53 invertebrate animals 53 subglacial lakes 53 Fig. 2A 53 carbon fluxes 52 interannual 52 mT 52 marine sediments 52 transects 52 teleconnections 52 diffusion coefficients 52 radiometric measurements 52 radar interferometry 52 kimberlite intersections 52 hydrothermal vent 52 electromagnetic geophysical survey 52 donor acceptor 52 panchromatic imagery 52 fainter objects 52 microbiomes 52 amphibolites 52 clades 52 linkage disequilibrium LD 52 spodumene bearing 52 mantle plumes 52 vegetation greenness 52 intrinsic brightness 52 eukaryotic genomes 52 turbidites 52 Kuiper belt objects 52 Fig. 2a 52 presolar grains 52 heterogeneities 52 layered ultramafic 52 dipole moment 52 numerical simulations 52 oceanic islands 52 glacial interglacial 52 atmospheric phenomena 52 submicrometer 52 Prochlorococcus 52 HiRISE image 52 microbialites 52 Unit Telescopes 52 radiative transfer 52 AGNs 52 Rossby waves 52 microarray experiments 52 solar irradiance 52 arcminutes 52 strontium isotope 52 glaciological 52 gravity anomalies 52 interferogram 52 evolutionary trajectories 52 ENVISAT 52 benthic foraminifera 52 differential gene expression 52 neuroanatomical 52 Jupiter moon Io 52 morphologically 52 cosmic ray intensity 52 inhomogeneous 52 carbonate globules 52 oxygen isotope ratios 52 comparative genomic analysis 52 mantle convection 52 amphipods 52 agro ecological zones 52 stellar occultations 52 geosphere 52 ecoregion 52 collisional 52 lithospheric 52 Supplementary Table 52 phylogeographic 52 shrublands 52 TGFs 52 atmospheric circulations 52 photon energies 52 inhomogeneities 52 advanced argillic alteration 52 allele frequencies 52 introgression 52 evolutionary lineages 52 axial tilt 52 felsic tuff 52 AMSR E 52 chlorophyll fluorescence 52 bilaterians 52 multispectral imagery 52 geophysics prospecting 52 morphological evolution 51 climate forcings 51 cytochrome b 51 conductivities 51 outcrop exposures 51 Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation AMO 51 logistic regressions 51 palaeoclimate 51 Fig. 1A 51 Fourier transform 51 marine invertebrates 51 airglow 51 magnon 51 mid latitudes 51 iceberg calving 51 minima 51 alteration haloes 51 seafloor habitats 51 silicic 51 enterotypes 51 eukaryote 51 sedimentary layers 51 variogram 51 anisotropy 51 diatoms 51 photosynthetic organisms 51 lapilli 51 hypoxic zone 51 biogeochemistry 51 epistasis 51 ecotypes 51 peridotites 51 mesosphere 51 lithological 51 geomorphology 51 chromite grains 51 lake sediments 51 coccolithophores 51 brittle deformation 51 Syrtis Major 51 mitochondrial genomes 51 trophic levels 51 planktonic foraminifera 51 granitoids 51 Type Ia supernovas 51 felsic intrusions 51 polarimetry 51 neutrino experiments 51 antineutrinos 51 elevation models DEMs 51 radar altimetry 51 colloidal crystals 51 Gravitational waves 51 wavelet transform 51 electron density 51 anatomical landmarks 51 seafloor sediment 51 synchrotron x ray 51 galaxy redshift 51 nanoscale phenomena 51 foraminifera 51 Amundsen Sea 51 dwelling organisms 51 marine phytoplankton 51 faunal 51 optical wavelengths 51 diatom species 51 physiographic 51 DFT calculations 51 orthologous genes 51 reef corals 51 arcseconds 51 equatorial forests 51 exon intron 51 subglacial lake 51 icy moons 51 IP geophysical surveys 51 crystallites 51 surface temperatures SSTs 51 polar orbits 51 metazoans 51 Hellas Planitia 51 m z 51 tidally 51 microfossils 51 fissure eruption 51 spectroscopic analysis 51 exoplanetary systems 51 #ppb [001] 51 nebular 51 auroral 51 linear regression analyzes 51 terranes 51 nitrogen deposition 51 metasediment 51 luminosities 51 marine biota 51 outcropping veins 51 Gondwanan 51 Climate Experiment GRACE 51 Doppler shift 51 sediments deposited 51 merging galaxies 51 polystyrene spheres 51 Computer simulations 51 gabbro intrusive 51 headwater stream 51 teleost fish 51 bacterial genomes 51 hydrocarbon reservoirs 51 NASA QuikScat satellite 51 carbon isotopes 51 diffusivity 51 Phylogenetic 51 microhabitats 51 mineralized horizons 51 siliciclastic 51 #S rRNA 51 alpine ecosystems 51 HiRISE images 51 phosphorus concentrations 51 spatio temporal 51 interstellar boundary 51 tonalite 50 animal phyla 50 laser altimetry 50 IR spectra 50 weak gravitational lensing 50 solar corona 50 electro magnetic EM 50 radial velocities 50 Poisson regression 50 hysteresis loop 50 eclipsing binary 50 entangled qubits 50 carbonyl sulfide 50 gyres 50 embayment 50 MERIS 50 poleward shift 50 speckle pattern 50 tectonically 50 magnetometry 50 chromatogram 50 interstellar dust grains 50 archaeal 50 magmatism 50 #ppb gold 50 parietal lobes 50 allele frequency 50 redshifts 50 arcsec 50 ejecta blanket 50 astrophysical phenomena 50 ENSO cycle 50 spectral fingerprint 50 interferometers 50 RAINEX 50 gabbro dykes 50 coincident anomalies 50 polypeptide chain 50 Fig. 1b 50 resonance frequency 50 inflorescences 50 vertebrate fossils 50 oceanic circulation 50 atmospheric circulation 50 photoelectron spectroscopy 50 Otto Bliesner 50 Index NDVI 50 perturbation theory 50 echogenic foci 50 fig. S4 50 splice variants 50 mineralized envelopes 50 histopathologic diagnosis 50 geophysical conductors 50 ignimbrite 50 particle sizes 50 masers 50 Siberian Traps 50 hydrosphere 50 radiometric surveys 50 hydrological cycle 50 vertebrate genomes 50 igneous rocks 50 depositional environments 50 magnetite crystals 50 tundra vegetation 50 phenological 50 nitrogen fixation 50 hydrothermal fluid 50 subnetworks 50 Lophelia 50 Siribaya mega structure 50 photic zone 50 topographies 50 isotherms 50 previously undescribed 50 airborne magnetic anomalies 50 Kermadec Arc 50 olivines 50 Late Paleozoic 50 autocorrelation 50 perturbation 50 phytoplankton biomass 50 KIMs 50 Landsat images 50 subtidal 50 carbonate veins 50 nitrogen isotope 50 isostatic rebound 50 macroinvertebrate 50 morphological 50 reef fishes 50 Envisat ASAR 50 intraobserver 50 carbon isotope ratios 50 speleothems 50 spatial resolution 50 meteoritic material 50 electronic excitations 50 sized planets orbiting 50 moon Mimas 50 metazoan 50 complex interrelationships 50 hydrologic cycle 50 Anomalous radioactivity 50 photolysis 50 chromitite layers 50 gossan zones 50 symbioses 50 tiny single celled 50 exoplanetary 50 chemosynthetic 50 dI dV 50 monophyletic 50 subhorizontal 50 subduction zone earthquakes 50 paleochannel 50 baryon 50 isotope fractionation 50 transect 50 gravitational acceleration 50 Magnitudes 50 sulphidic 50 phytoplankton bloom 50 isotopic signature 50 embayments 50 hydrothermally 50 kilobases 50 bivariate 50 narrow quartz veins 50 supervolcanoes 50 interferometric synthetic aperture radar 50 zonation 50 magnetospheric 50 interferometric 50 pentacene molecule 50 Late Ordovician 50 Mercury exosphere 50 splice junctions 50 phenotypic traits 50 kyr 50 geoneutrinos 50 genetic relatedness 50 mineralogical composition 50 Sumatran earthquake 50 circumstellar 50 Ediacara 50 antineutrino 50 evanescent waves 50 pollutant concentrations 50 Palaeocene Eocene Thermal Maximum 50 Submillimeter Array 50 planetary surfaces 50 geochronology 50 mineralized quartz veins 50 carbonaceous meteorites 50 magnetic electromagnetic 50 primate genomes 50 gamma ray flashes 50 ocean ridges 50 #S rRNA genes 50 ostracods 50 tectonic faults 50 altimetry 50 microsatellite loci 50 genetic loci 50 foliation 50 #ppb Au [001] 50 radiometry 50 epithermal quartz veins 50 AUs 50 meridional flow 50 voxel 49 macroscopic 49 cyanobacterial 49 centroid 49 hydrated electron 49 MG J# +# 49 forams 49 sediment samples 49 HII regions 49 phylogenetic 49 submarine volcanoes 49 glacial cycles 49 Supplementary Fig 49 figs. 49 longwave radiation 49 Kuiper Belt objects 49 temperature reconstructions 49 spectroscopically 49 #ppb [002] 49 Regression analysis 49 exoplanets orbiting 49 metabolite concentrations 49 adsorbate 49 hypersaline 49 abyssal plain 49 reproducible measurements 49 Cassini flyby 49 polarimetric 49 lithosphere 49 deglaciation 49 transcriptome analysis 49 explosive volcanism 49 sedimentary basins 49 punctate 49 molecular phylogenetic 49 Harvati 49 landmasses 49 bedrock outcrops 49 X ray pulses 49 bleachings 49 hypobaric hypoxia 49 reflectance spectroscopy 49 Kuiper Belt Objects 49 variabilities 49 porphyry intrusions 49 heterojunctions 49 Phylogenetic analyzes 49 amplifying feedbacks 49 VISTA telescope 49 intracluster 49 IOCG deposits 49 observables 49 El Niño Southern Oscillation 49 tropical latitudes 49 eigenvalues 49 submillimeter wavelengths 49 gravitational lenses 49 gabbros 49 Cretaceous Paleogene boundary 49 #S rDNA 49 electromagnetic flux 49 marine ecologists 49 spectrometric 49 jovian 49 microearthquakes 49 #S rRNA gene 49 bryozoans 49 airborne LIDAR 49 sulfidic 49 pointings 49 evaporite minerals 49 hematite chlorite 49 quantum particles 49 inferential statistics 49 genetic heterogeneity 49 Middle Eocene 49 hydrothermal alteration zones 49 A. thaliana 49 Sinus Meridiani 49 atmospheric aerosol 49 compressional 49 Coulomb blockade 49 eclogite 49 lensing galaxy 49 El Niños 49 dust mote 49 Indian Ocean Dipole 49 epithermal alteration 49 Ediacara organisms 49 hydrothermal venting 49 Triassic Jurassic 49 Yegua sands 49 planktonic algae 49 protein conformation 49 Prediction NWP 49 transiting exoplanets 49 microsatellite markers 49 ostracodes 49 upper troposphere 49 satellite altimeters 49 backscattering 49 X ray wavelengths 49 genomic variation 49 Paleobiology Database 49 quartz feldspar porphyry intrusive 49 arcmin 49 moonquakes 49 substorm 49 tunicate 49 multiwavelength 49 nT 49 cm -1 49 Korkan target 49 metapopulation 49 True thicknesses 49 uses sodar sound 49 metal zonation 49 datasets 49 diffuse aurora 49 thermally induced 49 fluorescence intensity 49 carbonate minerals 49 spectral characteristics 49 micro climates 49 chordates 49 body louse genome 49 quantum mechanically 49 granite greenstone 49 mud volcanoes 49 latitudinal 49 micrometer scale 49 ab initio calculations 49 biomes 49 Saturnian moons 49 Fig. 2B 49 gaseous planets 49 deuterostomes 49 oxygen isotopic composition 49 electron proton 49 tiny pteropod 49 benthic invertebrates 49 morphometric 49 mesospheric 49 Upsilon Andromedae 49 Ground penetrating radar 49 logit 49 thrust faulting 49 Saturn magnetosphere 49 sediments 49 X. laevis 49 volcanogenic 49 cnidarians 49 dwelling invertebrates 49 mineralogical characteristics 49 sunlike stars 49 protonated 49 calcifying organisms 49 elemental abundances 49 submillimeter wavelength 49 angiosperms 49 tectonic boundary 49 geomorphic 49 HIRES spectrometer 49 morphological similarities 49 SSTs 49 megadroughts 49 extrasolar planetary systems 49 linkage disequilibrium 49 magnetic reconnection 49 dynamical evolution 49 ChIP chip 49 felsic intrusives 49 prominences 49 stoichiometry 49 lacustrine 49 infrared wavelengths 49 N2 fixation 49 pyroclastics 49 lakebed sediments 49 photoemission 49 #nm #nm [001] 49 lowermost mantle 49 microphysical 49 Ontario Lacus 49 quasiparticle 49 wavelengths 49 tectonic uplift 49 microcavities 49 biophysical 49 airborne magnetic anomaly 49 Borealis basin 49 Longmen Shan fault 49 nucleotide substitution 49 biota 49 differentially expressed genes 49 benthic 49 soluble proteins 49 lithological units 49 ultracold atoms 49 Fig. 3A 49 plankton blooms 49 Keck Interferometer 49 seismogenic 49 spectroscopic technique 49 fluxes 49 hyperspectral imager 49 magnetospheres 49 Proteobacteria 49 geophysics geochemistry 49 aeolian 49 multipartite entanglement 49 spherical particles 49 carnivore species 49 luminous galaxies 49 commensal bacteria 49 coronal loop 49 evapotranspiration 49 sequestering CO2 49 REE bearing 49 structural rearrangements 49 GRBs 49 climate modellers 49 atmospheric chemistry 49 sea hydrothermal vents 49 cosmic ray collisions 49 isotopic 49 lipoprotein particle 49 coal seam thickness 49 airbursts 49 trending quartz veins 49 elliptical orbits 49 Balarat Project 49 hydrocarbon accumulations 49 Descriptive statistics 49 crustal deformation 49 martian meteorites 49 rifting 49 nanometers billionths 49 submillimetre 49 galactic bulge 49 Fig. 2b 49 geohazard 49 otoliths 49 polar mesospheric clouds 49 specular maps 49 isotopic composition 49 binary asteroids 49 lognormal 49 inorganic ions 49 aquatic invertebrate 49 Hellas Basin 49 andesitic rocks 49 paralogs 49 lactase persistence 48 elongated orbits 48 Sediment samples 48 Late Devonian 48 km3 48 nitrate concentrations 48 dolomites 48 claystone 48 abiotic stresses 48 methane ethane 48 banded quartz veins 48 electron neutrinos 48 trimers 48 wavelength infrared 48 floristic 48 Synthetic Aperture Radar SAR 48 stony meteorites 48 excitation wavelengths 48 absorption coefficient 48 algal species 48 termite mound sampling 48 synteny 48 sulfur isotopes 48 NICMOS observations 48 quantum oscillations 48 Mg Ca 48 decadal 48 neutrino detectors 48 scatterometer 48 orbital angular momentum 48 osteochondromas 48 elemental composition 48 orbital eccentricity 48 intermolecular interactions 48 Seagull Intrusion 48 geologic interpretations 48 Drosophila genome 48 colugos 48 metagenomes 48 heliospheric 48 VTEM airborne 48 Aerial photography 48 single celled yeast 48 Earth Observation EO 48 subduction zone earthquake 48 infrared telescopes 48 CoMP 48 subcellular compartments 48 temperature salinity 48 abyssal plains 48 resonant frequencies 48 sub picosecond 48 P/# A2 48 ultrashort pulses 48 X ray emission 48 convective storms 48 bandgaps 48 Figure 2a 48 airflows 48 biogeography 48 parameter estimation 48 filamentary 48 disseminated sulphide mineralization 48 El Nino Southern Oscillation 48 Antarctic stratosphere 48 hyper spectral 48 anomalism 48 Symbiodinium 48 #,#-#,# ft. Loc 48 extragalactic 48 mammalian genomes 48 Earthquake magnitudes 48 montane 48 electron pairs 48 #,#-#,# ft. 48 vein widths 48 radio occultation 48 agro ecosystems 48 spectral radiance 48 Earth radii 48 vapor plume 48 capillary sequencing 48 genomic loci 48 andesitic volcanic rocks 48 tectonic stresses 48 hamartomas 48 Paleoclimate 48 Jovian planets 48 amphibolite 48 scale invariance 48 exoplanet atmospheres 48 ncRNA 48 echinoderms 48 paleoclimate records 48 subpolar 48 whale beachings 48 Upper Jurassic 48 humid tropics 48 downhole lengths 48 megathrust quake 48 intrinsic viscosity 48 Andromeda Galaxy M# 48 ESA Envisat satellite 48 X ray observatories 48 magnetization reversal 48 Higgs bosons 48 geological timescales 48 Force Microscopy 48 giant squid Architeuthis 48 atmospheric CO2 concentration 48 neutrino telescope 48 biotopes 48 quantitative trait loci 48 GALEX 48 spectrographs 48 Tevatron experiments 48 sepal 48 anthropogenically 48 aboveground biomass 48 Kruskal Wallis test 48 coevolution 48 phyllosilicates 48 SMBHs 48 photosynthetic apparatus 48 ellipsoid 48 Southern Oscillation 48 submillimeter 48 indels 48 scanning tunneling microscopy 48 magmatic sulphide 48 vadose zone 48 Cu Au mineralization 48 atherosclerotic lesion 48 chalcedonic quartz 48 Gakkel Ridge 48 ionospheric disturbances 48 gradiometer 48 chargeability highs 48 Doppler shifts 48 PM#.# exposure 48 undersea volcanoes 48 #.#C #.#C 48 metallicity 48 U Th 48 chromosphere 48 diffusion MRI 48 spherical particle 48 temperate forests 48 active galactic nucleus 48 spiral nebulae 48 scanning electron microscopes 48 springtime ozone 48 phylogenetic tree 48 lamprophyre 48 physiological adaptations